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Primary Technology
LTE - cat 1
This document describes the LE910Cx Interface Board which is part of the complete LE910Cx Development Kit (Dev-Kit).

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This archive contains the Telit LE910C1-NF TFI firmware updater tool.

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Uploaded at
2023-02-06 10:51:59
Last updated
2023-02-06 10:51:59
Version
V25.21.263
Requirements

Telit Windows drivers installed.

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Telit LE910C1-NF S.SKU LTE CAT-1 mPCIe SIM
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Telit LE910C1-NF Multitech Interface Board
Telit LE910C1-NF S.SKU LTE CAT-1 LGA
Telit LE910C1-NF Interface board
Question

What Linux kernel modules and configs are commonly used for communicating with cellular modules over their USB interface?



Solution

Most cellular modules can be supported in Linux by using som of the in-kernel drivers. The physical data interface to the host Linux system is usually done over USB which enumerates a set of different endpoints/interfaces. A set of serial interfaces for Modem/PPP, AT commands, NMEA location data and chipset debug information are almost always available in all configurations.

In addition some type of network endpoint/interface are also available and exposed. This can vary between manufacturers and chipset vendors and can also commonly be configurable by using USB configuration mode switching or through vendor specific AT commands.

Recommended kernel configurations to enable are listed bellow. Many cellular modules base their Linux support on these modules and drivers. Once included in the kernel build, the USB interfaces will be detected and bound correctly out-of-the-box or after applying source code patches to the driver modules.

Configs for USB serial drivers:
CONFIG_USB_SERIAL
CONFIG_USB_SERIAL_GENERIC
CONFIG_USB_SERIAL_WWAN
CONFIG_USB_SERIAL_OPTION
CONFIG_USB_SERIAL_QUALCOMM
CONFIG_USB_ACM

Configs for Modem/PPP support:
CONFIG_PPP
CONFIG_PPP_BSDCOMP
CONFIG_PPP_DEFLATE
CONFIG_PPP_FILTER
CONFIG_PPP_MPPE
CONFIG_PPP_MULTILINK
CONFIG_PPPOE
CONFIG_PPP_ASYNC
CONFIG_PPP_SYNC_TTY

Configs for USB network drivers:
CONFIG_USB_USBNET
CONFIG_USB_NET_QMI_WWAN
CONFIG_USB_NET_CDCETHER
CONFIG_USB_NET_RNDIS_HOST
CONFIG_USB_NET_CDC_NCM
CONFIG_USB_NET_HUAWEI_CDC_NCM
CONFIG_USB_NET_CDC_MBIM

Please relate to the Techship product specific web pages for vendor specific Linux integration guides.

Below is a selection of kernel commits relating to cellular module support in Linux kernels:
qmi_wwan: Add support for Fibocom NL678 series
qmi_wwan: Added support for Telit LN940 series
qmi_wwan: Added support for Fibocom NL668 series
USB: serial: option: add support for GosunCn ME3630 RNDIS mode
USB: serial: option: add support for Simcom SIM7500/SIM7600 RNDIS mode
USB: serial: option: add Simcom SIM7500/SIM7600 (MBIM mode)
USB: serial: option: add Fibocom NL678 series
USB: serial: option: add Telit LN940 series
USB: serial: option: add Fibocom NL668 series
USB: serial: option: add GosunCn ZTE WeLink ME3630
qmi_wwan: apply SET_DTR quirk to the SIMCOM shared device ID

If you use any of the listed cellular modules, drivers and specified USB modes in the commits above, ensure that your kernel version already include the patch or apply it to your build.



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Question

How do I select specific bands on my Telit module?

Solution

The AT command AT#BND can be used to select what specific GSM, UMTS and LTE bands that you want to be active on your module.

If you are experiencing poor DL or UL speeds, one solutions may be to only select the bands that you know are available, which can increase the transfer speeds.


When entering AT#BND? it will return a reply looking like (for example):
AT#BND?
#BND: 0,18,A7E0BB0F38DF,42 (for Generic)
OK

(Please note that the following examples are when using a LM960A18)

The "0" is referring to GSM bands, "18" to UMTS bands, "A7E0BB0F38DF" to LTE bands and "42" to LTE extended bands.

Starting at the GSM band (at chapter "Select Band - #BND" in the AT command reference manual) we can see that 0 corresponds to "GSM 900MHz + DCS 1800MHz (default value depending on module)"

In the same chapter we can read that 18 corresponds to 2100MHz (FDD I) + 1900MHz (FDD II) + 1700MHz (FDD IV) +
850MHz (FDD V) + 900MHz (FDD VIII) + JAPAN1800(FDD IX) + JAPAN800(FDD XIX) (default value depending on product)"

Now for LTE, which is probably what is a little tricky to understand. If we start the Windows Calculator and change to Programmer mode. If you copy the "A7E0BB0F38DF" into the calculator window it should convert it to binary.
HEX: A7E0 BB0F 38DF
BIN: 1010 0111 1110 0000 1011 1011 0000 1111 0011 1000 1101 1111

If you look at the line of BIN above you can see what band are active (1) and which are not (0). Looking from right to left, the first bit corresponds to B1, second bit to B2, third bit B3, and so on…

HEX: A7E0 BB0F 38DF
BIN: 1010 0111 1110 0000 1011 1011 0000 1111 0011 1000 1101 1111
Selected bands: B1+B2+B3+B4+B5+B7+B8+B12+B13+B14+B17+B18+B19+B20+B25+B26+B28+B29+B30+B32+B38+B39+B40+B41+B42+B43+B46+B48

So if I, for example, only want the GSM bands "GSM 900MHz + DCS 1800MHz", the UMTS band "1900MHz (FDD II)" and LTE bands "B1, B4, B7, B28" I would enter the following:

AT#BND=0,1,8000049

Since the first "0" corresponds to "GSM 900MHz + DCS 1800MHz", the "1" corresponds to "1900MHz (FDD II)" and lastly "8000049" corresponds to B1, B4, B7 and B28 as shown below:

Bands: B1, B4, B7, B28
Binary: 1000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0100 1001
Hexadecimal: 800 0049


For further information please take a look at the AT command user guide available on the product's specific page under "technical documentation", which is available for download once logged in.

Question

How to collect initial diagnostics data and logs for Telit cellular modules needed when requesting Techship technical support?




Solution

In order to ease the troubleshooting of technical problems and understand your end-product or application and its usage scenario we ask you to please provide the following information when creating a technical support ticket at: techship.com/technical_support/

Please give a detailed problem description and in what precise circumstances it is present.

Describe the host system:
-Hardware (system board, processor architecture, other peripheral devices...)
-Operating system with detailed versions (E.g. Windows version and build, Linux distribution, kernel version)
-Drivers used and versions (Linux: out-of-tree vendor drivers or in-kernel drivers?)

Details from the cellular module label:
-Model
-SKU/BOM or P/N code
IMEI number

For Linux systems, capture terminal logs from commands:
uname -a
lsusb
lsusb -t
ifconfig -a
ls -l /dev/serial/by-id
ls -l /sys/bus/usb-serial/devices
dmesg

The cellular module logs can be acquired by accessing one of the USB enumerated serial (COM) interfaces or physical UART serial interfaces accepting AT commands. In Windows device manager they are generally found as modem infterface or serial and ports interface types).

Send AT commands to module and capture the text output:
Test that you get a OK reply:
AT
Enable AT command echo:
ATE1
Verbose error reporting:
AT+CMEE=2
Module model:
AT+CGMM
Firmware version:
AT+CGMR
IMEI Code:
AT+CGSN
USB endpoint configuration:
AT#USBCFG?
Serial port configuration:
AT#PORTCFG?
Operational mode:
AT+CFUN?
Selected network access techniques:
AT+WS46?
List network operator info:
AT+COPS?
Network registration status:
AT+CREG?
AT+CGREG?
AT+CEREG?
Signal strength:
AT+CSQ
Last serving cell network information:
AT#SERVINFO
Current network status:
AT#RFSTS
List APN details:
AT+CGDCONT?
List Packet switch enable/disable status:
AT+CGATT?
List PDP profiles status:
AT+CGACT?
List default data connection details:
AT#BND?
List bearers and IP addresses:
AT+CGCONTRDP=
AT+CGPADDR=
AT#FWSWITCH?
AT#SWPKGV
AT#GAUTH?
AT#CGPADDR=
AT#AUTOBND?
AT#AUTOATT?

Additional test commands for Telit LM940/LM960/FN98x:
AT#FIRMWARE
AT#FIRMWARE?
AT#GETFW
AT#ACTIVEFW?
AT#CACTL?
AT#RXDIV?
AT#RXTOGGLE?
AT#LRXDIV?
AT#LCFC
AT#TEMPSENS?
AT#GPIO?
AT#HWREV
AT#QSS?
AT#USB3TUNE?
AT#USBSWITCH?